The PCP Theorem provides a new classification
of
NP. Since the original proof by [AS98], several new proofs occured.
While
the first proof used highly sophisticated methods, the new approaches
try
to use simpler ones. In this paper the proof by [Din05] is presented.
It
uses the equivalence of this problem to the NP-hardness of gap-3SAT,
i.e.
it is this hardness that is shown. The satisfiability gap of a set of
constraints
is the smallest fraction of unsatisfied constraints over all
assignments
for the variables. Gap-3SAT is the problem of deciding whether this gap
is
0 or greater than a positive constant. In this paper therefore 3SAT is
polynomially
reduced to gap-3SAT via gap amplification, i.e. the gap is blown up to
a
constant fraction.